ABSTRACT
<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the effect of acute exhaustive exercise on gastrointestinal motility and its enteric nervous mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>24 rats were randomly divided into control group (C) and acute exhaustive exercise group (AEE). The rate of gastrointestinal transit was measured and histologic changes of nitriergic nerves in ileum myenteric plexus were observed with enzymatic histochemical and image analytic technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the rats of AEE group, the rate of gastrointestinal transit was delayed comparing with C group (P < 0.05), the numbers of nitrergic neurons and expression levels of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the ileum myenteric plexus significantly increased comparing with C group (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It is possible that increase of nitrergic neurons and expression levels of NOS in the myenteric plexus of small intestine are one of the mechanisms of delay of gastrointestinal transit rate in acute exhaustive exercise rats.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Gastrointestinal Motility , Physiology , Gastrointestinal Transit , Physiology , Ileum , Motor Activity , Myenteric Plexus , Metabolism , Nitrergic Neurons , Cell Biology , Nitric Oxide Synthase , Metabolism , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
<p><b>AIM</b>To study the synthesis and antibacterial activity of ciprofloxacin derivatives.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ciprofloxacin derivatives were synthesized primarily from 2-methyl-5-nitroimidazol and ciprofloxacin through nucleophilic substitution. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized compounds were tested.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Nine new compounds were synthesized. The structure of the title compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, MS and element analysis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds II, IVC and IVD showed appreciable antibacterial activity, and were worth further studying.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Mice , Anti-Infective Agents , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Ciprofloxacin , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Escherichia coli , Molecular Structure , NitroimidazolesABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the morphologic abnormalities of myenteric plexus in diabetic rats and to explore the mechanism of its effect on gastrointestinal motility.Methods Thirty rats were randomly divided into diabetic group and control group.Gastrointestinal transit time was measured and histologic changes of cholinergic and nitriergic nerves in ileum myenteric plexus were observed with enzy- matic histochemistry.Results Four months after the establishment of the diabetic rats model,gastroin- testinal transit time was found delayed comparing with control group,the density of cholinergic neurons in the ileum myenteric plexus was decreased (P＜0.01) and the densities of nitriergic ganglions and neurons were significantly increased comparing with control group (P＜0.05 and P＜0.01).Conclu- sion Decrease of cholinergic nerves and increase of nitriergic nerves in the myenteric plexus of intestine is one of the mechanisms of delay gastrointestinal transit time in diabetic rats.